What is kyphosis? Kyphosis is a condition characterized by an excessive forward curvature of the upper (thoracic) spine, leading to a rounded or hunched back appearance. While a mild curve is normal, exaggerated curvature may cause pain, stiffness, or postural imbalance.

Kyphosis can develop due to poor posture, osteoporosis, vertebral fractures, congenital abnormalities, or degenerative changes. Adolescents may develop postural kyphosis, while older adults often experience kyphosis due to weakened spinal bones.

Symptoms may include back pain, fatigue, reduced flexibility, and in severe cases, breathing difficulty due to chest compression.

Diagnosis typically involves posture assessment and imaging such as X-rays to measure the spinal curve. Treatment depends on severity and may include physiotherapy exercises, posture correction, bracing, or surgery in advanced cases.

Early identification and proper management help maintain spinal alignment and functional mobility.