The anconeus muscle is a small triangular muscle located at the back of the elbow. It originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and inserts into the lateral surface of the olecranon and the proximal posterior ulna.

Although small, the anconeus plays an important role in elbow function. It assists the triceps muscle during elbow extension and helps stabilize the elbow joint during forearm movements such as pronation and supination. It also supports the joint capsule and prevents impingement during extension.

The muscle is supplied by the interosseous recurrent artery and innervated by the radial nerve. Due to its stabilizing function, weakness or injury to the anconeus may contribute to elbow discomfort or instability.

Understanding the role of the anconeus muscle helps in better assessment and rehabilitation of elbow conditions.